The impact of using next-generation pulse oximetry on the outcomes of preterm babies admitted to the NICU: a randomized controlled trial

The purpose of this randomized controlled trial was to investigate the influence of state-of-the-art pulse oximetry technology on the health outcomes of preterm newborns in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). We included preterm infants born between 24 and 36 weeks of gestation in our analysis, excluding those with significant congenital anomalies, lung malformations, congenital heart defects, or early neonatal mortality. Our study involved 52 newborns, divided into two groups: one cohort was monitored using conventional oximetry, while the other was monitored with advanced pulse oximetry technology. The baseline characteristics of both cohorts, such as gender, gestational age, birth weight, prenatal care received, and infection risk, were comparable. Both groups received standardized care based on established clinical guidelines, including feeding assistance, infection prevention techniques, thermoregulation, respiratory distress management, and parental involvement through kangaroo care. We assessed the outcomes for common neonatal issues, such as chronic lung disease, sepsis, intraventricular hemorrhage, patent ductus arteriosus, and air leak syndromes. Our results indicate that there were no statistically significant differences in the primary outcomes between the two groups, suggesting that the randomization process was effective in creating balanced comparison groups. We utilized independent samples t-tests and chi-square tests as part of our statistical framework, with a p-value of less than 0.05 indicating statistical significance. Overall, our findings suggest that the implementation of next-generation pulse oximetry equipment in the NICU for monitoring preterm infants does not significantly affect clinical outcomes compared to conventional monitoring techniques. Further research is necessary to fully evaluate the benefits and feasibility of incorporating cutting-edge oximetry technologies into newborn care procedures.

New generation oximetry; Preterm babies; Neonatal intensive care unit; Randomized controlled trial

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