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Comparison of haemodynamic parameters between the high and low spinal block in young healthy patients

  • PETER POREDOS1
  • VESNA NOVAK-JANKOVIC1

1Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, University Medical Centre Ljubljana

DOI: 10.22514/SV131.032017.5 Vol.13,Issue S1,May 2017 pp.32-43

Published: 08 May 2017

*Corresponding Author(s): PETER POREDOS E-mail: peter.poredos@kclj.si

Abstract

Background: For some surgical procedures a higher sensory block is needed. How-ever, it is complicated by a higher inci-dence of hypotension, more bradycardia and nausea and a higher use of vasoactive drugs. In elderly and obstetric population complications have been attributed to the decrease in cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance, especially in a high block (above Th6). The aim of our study was to find the incidence of hypotension and bradycardia after a spinal anaesthesia in young, healthy patients. As young pa-tients compensate more, we aimed to find the difference in haemodynamic variables between the group with a high and the group with a low spinal block and the un-derlying mechanisms of hypotension. Methods: in a prospective, randomized study 44 ASA 1 patients scheduled for knee arthroscopy under spinal anaesthe-sia were randomly distributed to a high (group H) and a low (group L) spinal block group. In a group H patients were placed into horizontal, whereas in a group L in 15-degree anti-Trendelenburg posi-tion immediately after the spinal block. Haemodynamic parameters were meas-ured continuously noninvasively from 10 min before to 25 min after the spinal block using the CNAPTM device with the LiD-CORapid monitor.

Results: The differences in haemodynamic parameters between the groups were not statistically significant at all measured times despite a significant difference in the spinal block level (18.5 vs 13.3 dermato-mes above S5, p<0.001) and a significant difference in haemodynamic variables inside each group compared to the base-line value. With cardiac index (CI) as a dependent variable, a significant correla-tion between CI and stroke volume in-dex (SVI) was found (β=0.849, p<0.001) and also between CI and heart rate (HR) (β=0.573, p<0.001). In group H the inci-dence of hypotension was 35%, whereas in group L it was 10%. The same difference was seen in the use of phenylephrine be-tween the groups, however the difference was not significant.

Conclusion: In our study it was found that in young, healthy patients there are no significant differences in haemodynamic parameters and in incidence of hypoten-sion between a high and low spinal block. Young, healthy patients compensate a decrease in systemic vascular resistance caused by the spinal anaesthesia with a compensatory increase in CI resulting from an increase in SVI and HR. How-ever, a trend towards less hypotension, less bradycardia and less frequent phenyle-phrine use in a low spinal block was noted.


Keywords

spinal anaesthesia, hyperbaric bupivacaine, haemodynamic parameters, cardiac output, hypotension 

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PETER POREDOS,VESNA NOVAK-JANKOVIC. Comparison of haemodynamic parameters between the high and low spinal block in young healthy patients. Signa Vitae. 2017. 13(S1);32-43.

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